Response induced by transient blasting or seismic P-wave around a diversion tunnel with an imperfect rock-liner interface
Wanquan Mei, Peng-Zhi Pan*, Amin Hekmatnejad, Zhaofeng Wang, Yi Xie, Qingsong Zheng
Deep Resources Engineering. 2026, 3(3): 100237. 
doi.org10.1016j.deepre.2026.100237.pdf
Abstract: The work focuses on transient response of a deep-buried circular lined diversion tunnel with an imperfect rock-liner interface, which is full of water, subjected to an aperiodic blasting or seismic P-wave in a full space. Laplace transform was first applied to governing equations in rock mass, liner and water to obtain the frequency-domain expressions of wave fields in various media under planar blasting or seismic P-wave. Furthermore, a spring interface model was adopted to describe rock mass-liner imperfect characteristics. Laplace transformation was performed for the imperfect rock mass-liner and perfect liner-fluid boundary conditions to determine complex coefficients of wave fields in the frequency domain. Ultimately, corresponding time-domain solutions triggered by the planar blasting or seismic P-wave were evaluated by numerical inverse algorithm. Limitation analyses including a deep-buried empty cavity and a lined counterpart verified the proposed method under triangular P-wave excitation. The theoretical results indicated that the scopes perpendicular to the perturbation direction generated pronounced dynamic tensile or compressive stress concentration under the blasting or seismic P-wave. The rock mass-liner contact state had a significant influence on the transient response of surrounding rock, liner and water and the effect of radial elastic coefficient on dynamic response was more sensitive than that of hoop counterpart, especially in fluid. The existence of fluid promoted the interaction between the stress wave and the lined tunnel, resulting in more remarkable fluctuations of time-domain response. These results can provide a theoretical basis for the earthquake resistant design and support of diversion tunnel.
Highlights:
• The frequency-domain expressions of a deep-buried circular diversion tunnel are obtained analytically.
• Corresponding time-domain response are obtained using numerical inversion.
• The effects of physical parameter, elastic coefficients and stress waveform are discussed.
Keywords: Transient response; Spring interface model; Numerical inverse algorithm; Dynamic stress concentration
Cite: Mei, W.Q.; Pan, P.Z.; Hekmatnejad, A.; Wang, Z.F.; Xie, Y.; Zheng, Q.S., Response induced by transient blasting or seismic P-wave around a diversion tunnel with an imperfect rock-liner interface, Deep Resources Engineering 2026, 3 (3), 100237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.deepre.2026.100237
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